Mu myaka yashize, fibre ya selile yongeye kuvugururwa (nka viscose, modal, Tencel nizindi fibre) yagiye igaragara ubudahwema, ibyo ntibikemura gusa ibyo abantu bakeneye mugihe gikwiye, ahubwo binagabanya igice cyibibazo byubuke bwumutungo no kwangiza ibidukikije.
Kuberako fibre ya selile yongeye kuvuka ifite ibyiza bya fibre selile selile na fibre synthique, ikoreshwa cyane mumyenda hamwe nubunini butigeze bukoreshwa.
01.Ibisanzwe bisanzwe bya fibre
Viscose fibre nizina ryuzuye rya fibre ya viscose.Ni fibre ya selile yabonetse mugukuramo no kuvugurura molekile ya fibre muri selile karemano ya selile hamwe n "" ibiti "nkibikoresho fatizo.
Uburyo bwo kwitegura: selile selile ihindagurika kugirango ikore alkali selile, hanyuma ifate hamwe na carbone disulfide ikora selile ya xanthate.Igisubizo cya viscous cyabonetse mugushonga mumashanyarazi ya alkaline yitwa viscose.Viscose ikorwa muri fibre ya viscose nyuma yo kuzunguruka no gutondeka uburyo bwo gutunganya
Kudahuza uburyo bukomeye bwo kubumba fibre isanzwe ya viscose bizatuma ibice byambukiranya fibre isanzwe ya viscose bigaragara mu rukenyerero cyangwa mu buryo budasanzwe, hamwe n’imyobo imbere hamwe n’imyobo idasanzwe mu cyerekezo kirekire.Viscose ifite uburyo bwiza bwo kwinjiza no gusiga irangi, ariko modulus n'imbaraga zayo ni bike, cyane cyane imbaraga zayo zitose.
02. Fibre modal
Fibre modal nizina ryubucuruzi bwamazi menshi ya modulus viscose fibre.Itandukaniro riri hagati ya fibre fibre na fibre isanzwe ya viscose nuko fibre modal itezimbere ibibi byimbaraga nke hamwe na modulus nkeya ya fibre isanzwe ya fibre isanzwe itose, kandi ikagira n'imbaraga nyinshi hamwe na modulus muburyo butose, kuburyo bikunze kwitwa viscose yo hejuru. fibre.
Ibicuruzwa nkibi byabakora fibre zitandukanye nabyo bifite amazina atandukanye, nka fibre ya Lenzing modal TM fibre, fibre polynosic, fibre Fuqiang, hukapok nizina rishya ryisosiyete ikora lanzing muri Autriche.
Uburyo bwo kwitegura mod Modulus yo hejuru itose iboneka muburyo bwihariye bwibikorwa.Bitandukanye nuburyo rusange bwo gukora fibre fibre:
(1) Cellulose igomba kuba ifite impuzandengo yo hejuru ya polymerisation (hafi 450).
(2) Igisubizo cyateguwe kizunguruka gifite ibitekerezo byinshi.
. .Imiterere yimbere ninyuma ya fibre yabonetse murubu buryo irasa.Uruhu rwibanze rwuruhu rwibice byambukiranya fibre ntabwo bigaragara nkibya fibre isanzwe ya viscose.Imiterere yambukiranya ibice ikunda kuzenguruka cyangwa mu rukenyerero, kandi uburebure burebure buringaniye.Fibre ifite imbaraga nyinshi na modulus muburyo butose, kandi ibintu byiza bya hygroscopique nabyo bikwiriye imyenda y'imbere.
Imiterere yimbere ninyuma ya fibre irasa.Imiterere yuruhu rwibanze rwuruhu rwa fibre yambukiranya igice ntigaragara cyane ugereranije na fibre isanzwe ya viscose.Imiterere yambukiranya ibice ikunda kuba izengurutse cyangwa ikibuno, kandi icyerekezo kirekire kirasa neza.Ifite imbaraga nyinshi na modulus muburyo butose hamwe nibikorwa byiza byo kwinjiza neza.
03. Fibre fibre
Lyocell fibre ni ubwoko bwa fibre selile ya artificiel, ikozwe muri polymer naturel.Yahimbwe na sosiyete ya kautor yo mu Bwongereza nyuma yimurirwa mu isosiyete yo mu Busuwisi Lanjing.Izina ry'ubucuruzi ni Tencel, kandi izina ryayo "Tiansi" ryakiriwe mu Bushinwa.
Uburyo bwo kwitegura: Lyocell ni ubwoko bushya bwa fibre ya selile yateguwe no gushonga mu buryo butaziguye umusemburo wa selile mu gisubizo kizunguruka hamwe na n-methylmoline oxyde (NMMO) igisubizo cyamazi nkigisubizo, hanyuma ukoresheje uburyo bwo kuzunguruka butose cyangwa bwumye bwumye, ukoresheje kwibanda kumurongo runaka nmmo-h2o igisubizo nkubwogero bwa coagulation kugirango ube fibre, hanyuma urambure, gukaraba, gusiga amavuta no kumisha fibre yibanze.
Ugereranije nuburyo busanzwe bwo gukora fibre fibre, inyungu nini yubu buryo bwo kuzunguruka ni uko NMMO ishobora gushonga mu buryo butaziguye selile, uburyo bwo gukora ibicuruzwa bizunguruka bishobora koroshya cyane, kandi igipimo cyo gukira cya NMMO gishobora kugera kuri 99%, kandi inzira yo kubyaza umusaruro ihumanya ibidukikije.
Imiterere ya morphologiya ya fibre ya Lyocell iratandukanye rwose nubwa viscose isanzwe.Imiterere yambukiranya ibice irasa, irazengurutse, kandi nta ruhu rwibanze rwuruhu.Ubuso burebure buringaniye kandi nta shobora.Ifite imiterere yubukorikori iruta fibre ya viscose, gukaraba neza kurwego rwo kugabanuka (igipimo cyo kugabanuka ni 2% gusa) hamwe no kwinjiza neza.Ifite urumuri rwiza, ikiganza cyoroshye, drapability nziza na elegance nziza.
Itandukaniro hagati ya viscose, modal na lessel
(1)Igice cya fibre
(2)Ibiranga fibre
•Viscose fibre
• Ifite amazi meza kandi yujuje ibisabwa byumubiri wuruhu rwabantu.Imyenda iroroshye, yoroshye, ihumeka, ntabwo ikunda amashanyarazi ahamye, irwanya UV, iroroshye kwambara, yoroshye gusiga irangi, ibara ryiza nyuma yo gusiga irangi, kwihuta kwamabara meza, no kuzunguruka neza.Modulus itose iri hasi, igipimo cyo kugabanuka ni kinini kandi biroroshye guhindura.Ukuboko kwumva gukomeye nyuma yo gutangira, kandi elastique no kwambara birwanya ubukene.
• Fibre modal
• Ifite gukorakora byoroshye, byera kandi bisukuye, ibara ryiza kandi ryihuta ryamabara.Umwenda wumva neza cyane, hejuru yumwenda urabagirana kandi urabagirana, kandi guhindagurika ni byiza kuruta ipamba ihari, polyester na viscose.Ifite imbaraga nubukomezi bwa fibre synthique, kandi ifite urumuri no kumva ubudodo.Umwenda ufite kurwanya iminkanyari no kurwanya ibyuma, kwinjiza amazi neza no guhumeka ikirere, ariko umwenda ni muke.
• Fel fibre
• Ifite ibintu byinshi byiza bya fibre naturel na fibre synthique, urumuri rusanzwe, kumva neza, imbaraga nyinshi, mubyukuri ntagabanuka, uburyo bwiza bwo gutembera no gutembera, byoroshye, byoroshye, byoroshye kandi bikonje, byokunywa neza, biramba kandi biramba.
(3)Igipimo cyo gusaba
• Viscose fibre
•Fibre ngufi irashobora kuba nziza cyangwa ikavangwa nizindi fibre yimyenda, ikwiriye gukora imyenda y'imbere, imyenda yo hanze hamwe nibintu bitandukanye byo gushushanya.Umwenda wa filament woroheje kandi unanutse, kandi urashobora gukoreshwa mubitambara byo kwambara no gushushanya wongeyeho imyenda.
•Fibre modal
•Imyenda yububoshyi ya Modale ikoreshwa cyane mugukora imyenda y'imbere, ariko kandi no kwambara imyenda ya siporo, kwambara bisanzwe, amashati, imyenda yo mu rwego rwohejuru yiteguye, n'ibindi.
•Fibre fibre
• Irimo imirima yose yimyenda, yaba ipamba, ubwoya, ubudodo, ibicuruzwa byimbuto, cyangwa kuboha cyangwa kuboha, irashobora gutanga ibicuruzwa byiza kandi byiza.
(Ingingo yakuwe mu: amasomo y'imyenda)
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-22-2022